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shall    音标拼音: [ʃ'æl]
aux. 将,将要;应该,必须

将,将要;应该,必须

Shall \Shall\, v. i. & auxiliary. [imp. {Should}.] [OE. shal,
schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged,
imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres.
skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen, pres. zal, imp. zoude, zou,
OHG. solan, scolan, pres. scal, sol. imp. scolta, solta, G.
sollen, pres. soll, imp. sollte, Icel. skulu, pres. skal,
imp. skyldi, SW. skola, pres. skall, imp. skulle, Dan.
skulle, pres. skal, imp. skulde, Goth. skulan, pres. skal,
imp. skulda, and to AS. scyld guilt, G. schuld guilt, fault,
debt, and perhaps to L. scelus crime.]

Note: [Shall is defective, having no infinitive, imperative,
or participle.]
1. To owe; to be under obligation for. [Obs.] "By the faith I
shall to God" --Court of Love.
[1913 Webster]

2. To be obliged; must. [Obs.] "Me athinketh [I am sorry]
that I shall rehearse it her." --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

3. As an auxiliary, shall indicates a duty or necessity whose
obligation is derived from the person speaking; as, you
shall go; he shall go; that is, I order or promise your
going. It thus ordinarily expresses, in the second and
third persons, a command, a threat, or a promise. If the
auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more
imperative, the promise or that more positive and sure. It
is also employed in the language of prophecy; as, "the day
shall come when . . ., " since a promise or threat and an
authoritative prophecy nearly coincide in significance. In
shall with the first person, the necessity of the action
is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere than in the
speaker; as, I shall suffer; we shall see; and there is
always a less distinct and positive assertion of his
volition than is indicated by will. "I shall go" implies
nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a foretelling or
an expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough, a
certain degree of plan or intention may be included;
emphasize the shall, and the event is described as certain
to occur, and the expression approximates in meaning to
our emphatic "I will go." In a question, the relation of
speaker and source of obligation is of course transferred
to the person addressed; as, "Shall you go?" (answer, "I
shall go"); "Shall he go?" i. e., "Do you require or
promise his going?" (answer, "He shall go".) The same
relation is transferred to either second or third person
in such phrases as "You say, or think, you shall go;" "He
says, or thinks, he shall go." After a conditional
conjunction (as if, whether) shall is used in all persons
to express futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he shall say
they are right. Should is everywhere used in the same
connection and the same senses as shall, as its imperfect.
It also expresses duty or moral obligation; as, he should
do it whether he will or not. In the early English, and
hence in our English Bible, shall is the auxiliary mainly
used, in all the persons, to express simple futurity. (Cf.
{Will}, v. t.) Shall may be used elliptically; thus, with
an adverb or other word expressive of motion go may be
omitted. "He to England shall along with you." --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Shall and will are often confounded by inaccurate
speakers and writers. Say: I shall be glad to see you.
Shall I do this? Shall I help you? (not Will I do
this?) See {Will}.
[1913 Webster]


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  • SHALL Definition Meaning - Merriam-Webster
    The meaning of SHALL is —used to express what is inevitable or seems likely to happen in the future How to use shall in a sentence Shall vs Will: Usage Guide
  • Shall and will - Wikipedia
    Shall and will are two of the English modal verbs They have various uses, including the expression of propositions about the future, in what is usually referred to as the future tense of English
  • SHALL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
    In modern American English, "will" is commonly used in speech and writing for all three persons – I will go, etc "Shall" is used mainly in formal situations with the first person – We shall be pleased to accept your invitation – and in legal documents
  • “Shall” vs. “Will”: What’s The Difference? - Thesaurus. com
    In this article, we explore the meanings of will and shall, explain how and when they are typically used, and provide examples that show how will and shall are typically used in sentences
  • SHALL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
    You use shall, usually with 'I' and 'we', when you are referring to something that you intend to do, or when you are referring to something that you are sure will happen to you in the future
  • shall modal verb - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes . . .
    Definition of shall modal verb in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more
  • Shall | ENGLISH PAGE
    "Shall" is a modal verb used to indicate future action It is most commonly used in sentences with "I" or "we," and is often found in suggestions, such as "Shall we go?"
  • SHALL Definition Meaning | Dictionary. com
    SHALL definition: plan to, intend to, or expect to See examples of shall used in a sentence
  • Shall Definition Meaning - YourDictionary
    Used in the second or third person, esp in formal speech or writing, to express determination, compulsion, obligation, or necessity You shall have to wait your turn
  • SHALL - The Law Dictionary
    As used in statutes and similar instruments, this word is generally imperative or mandatory; but it may be construed as merely permissive or directory, (as equivalent to “may,”) to carry out the legislative intention and In cases where no right or benefit to any one depends on its being taken in the imperative sense, and where no public or priva





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